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|subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = |subdivision_type2 = County |subdivision_name2 = Essex |government_footnotes = 〔 |government_type = Faulkner Act (Mayor-Council) |governing_body = City Council |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Ras Baraka (term ends June 30, 2018)〔(2015 New Jersey Mayors Directory ), New Jersey Department of Community Affairs, as of October 20, 2015. Accessed November 13, 2015. As of date accessed, Baraka was listed as mayor with a term-end year of 2017.〕 |leader_title1 = Administrator |leader_name1 = Jack Kelly 〔(About the Director ), City of Newark. Accessed August 18, 2013.〕 |leader_title2 = Clerk |leader_name2 = Kenneth Louis〔(Office of the City Clerk ), City of Newark. Accessed April 7, 2015.〕 |established_title = Incorporated |established_date = October 31, 1693 (as township) |established_title1 = Reincorporated |established_date1 = April 11, 1836 (as city) |named_for = |unit_pref = Imperial |area_footnotes = 〔(2010 Census Gazetteer Files: New Jersey County Subdivisions ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 21, 2015.〕 |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 67.617 |area_land_km2 = 62.644 |area_water_km2 = 4.973 |area_total_sq_mi = 26.107 |area_land_sq_mi = 24.187 |area_water_sq_mi = 1.920 |area_water_percent = 7.35 |area_rank = 103rd of 566 in state 1st of 22 in county〔 |population_as_of = 2010 Census |population_note = |population_footnotes = 〔(DP-1 - Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 for Newark city, Essex County, New Jersey ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed February 14, 2012.〕〔〔(Table DP-1. Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2010 for Newark city ), New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed February 14, 2012.〕〔 |population_total = 277140 |population_rank = 67th in country〔 1st of 566 in state 1st of 22 in county〔(GCT-PH1 Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - State -- County Subdivision from the 2010 Census Summary File 1 for New Jersey ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed August 6, 2013.〕 |population_density_km2 = 4424.1 |population_density_sq_mi = 11458.3 |population_density_rank = 23rd of 566 in state 4th of 22 in county〔 |population_est = 280579 |pop_est_as_of = 2014 |pop_est_footnotes = 〔 |population_demonym = Newarker〔Dickson, Paul. (''Labels for Locals: What to Call People from Abilene to Zimbabwe'' ), p. 160. HarperCollins, 2006. ISBN 9780060881641. Accessed August 6, 2013.〕 |timezone = Eastern (EST) |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = Eastern (EDT) |utc_offset_DST = -4 |elevation_footnotes = 〔, Geographic Names Information System. Accessed March 8, 2013.〕 |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = 13 |coordinates_type = region:US_type:city |coordinates_region = US-NJ |coordinates_display = inline,title |coordinates_footnotes = 〔〔(US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990 ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.〕 |latd = 40.72422 |longd = -74.172574 |postal_code_type = ZIP codes |postal_code = 07101-07108, 07112, 07114〔(ZIP codes for Newark, New Jersey ), United States Postal Service. Accessed February 14, 2012.〕〔(Zip Codes ), State of New Jersey. Accessed August 18, 2013.〕 |area_code = 862/973〔(Area Code Lookup - NPA NXX for Newark, NJ ), Area-Codes.com. Accessed September 11, 2014.〕 |blank_name = FIPS code |blank_info = 3401351000〔〔(American FactFinder ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.〕〔(A Cure for the Common Codes: New Jersey ), Missouri Census Data Center. Accessed June 28, 2012.〕 |blank1_name = GNIS feature ID |blank1_info = 0885317〔〔(US Board on Geographic Names ), United States Geological Survey. Accessed September 4, 2014.〕 |website = |footnotes = }} Newark (〔(Newark - Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary ), Merriam-Webster. Accessed September 10, 2015.〕 or also locally 〔(Newark ), Dictionary Reference. Accessed September 10, 2015.〕) is the largest city (by population) in the U.S. state of New Jersey, and the county seat of Essex County.〔(County Explorer ), National Association of Counties. Accessed September 10, 2015.〕〔(Essex County, NJ ), National Association of Counties. Accessed January 20, 2013.〕 One of the nation's major air, shipping, and rail hubs, the city had a population of 277,140 in 2010, making it the nation's 67th most-populous municipality, after being ranked 63rd in the nation in 2000.〔Gaquin, Deirdre A.; Ryan, Mary Meghan. (''Places, Towns, and Townships 2012'' ), p. xvii. Bernan Press, 2012. ISBN 9781598885330. Accessed August 6, 2013.〕 Located in the heart of New Jersey's Gateway Region, Newark is the second-largest city in the New York metropolitan area, approximately west of Manhattan. Port Newark, the major container shipping terminal in the Port of New York and New Jersey, is the largest on the East Coast. Newark Liberty International Airport was the first municipal commercial airport in the United States, and today is one of its busiest.〔(History of Newark Liberty International Airport ), Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. Accessed February 14, 2012.〕〔(Facts & Information ), Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. Accessed February 14, 2012.〕〔 Newark is headquarters to numerous corporations, such as Prudential Financial, Audible, Panasonic Corporation of North America and PSEG. It is also home to several universities, such as Rutgers–Newark (including the law school and medical school), the New Jersey Institute of Technology, and Seton Hall University's Law School. Among others, its cultural and sports venues include the New Jersey Performing Arts Center, the Prudential Center, and the Bears & Eagles Riverfront Baseball Stadium. Newark is divided into five geographical wards, and contains neighborhoods ranging in character from bustling urban districts to quiet suburban enclaves. Newark's Branch Brook Park is the oldest county park in the United States and is home to the nation's largest collection of cherry blossom trees, numbering over 5,000.〔Mazzola, Jessica. ("Newark park adding 1,000 more trees to nation's largest collection of cherry blossoms" ), ''The Star-Ledger'', March 25, 2015. Accessed August 30, 2015.〕〔Staff. ("Student scientists track nation's largest collection of cherry blossom trees at Essex County park" ), ''The Star-Ledger'', August 13, 2010. Accessed September 11, 2014.〕〔Hinds, Kate. ("Look | Cherry Blossom Trees Flourish in Newark" ), WNYC, March 25, 2012. Accessed September 11, 2014.〕〔Scarantino, Drew Anne. ("In Full Bloom" ), ''New Jersey Monthly'', March 14, 2011. Accessed September 11, 2014.〕 ==History== Newark was originally founded in 1666 by Connecticut Puritans led by Robert Treat from the New Haven Colony. The city saw tremendous industrial and population growth during the 19th century and early 20th century, and experienced racial tension and urban decline in the second half of the 20th century, culminating in the 1967 Newark riots. The city has experienced revitalization during the 1990s and early 21st century.〔Riche, Patrick. ("Newark's Prudential Center: A Key Player in Newark's Re-Branding Efforts" ), ''Forbes'', January 10, 2012. Accessed June 25, 2012. "Newark is currently undergoing a major revitalization. The Prudential Center, the New Jersey Performing Arts Center, The Newark Symphony, Riverfront Stadium and Red Bull Park in nearby Harrison and home to Major League Soccer’s New York Red Bulls represent just part of the nearly $2 billion in construction underway."〕 Newark was originally formed as a township on October 31, 1693, based on the Newark Tract, which was first purchased on July 11, 1667. Newark was granted a Royal charter on April 27, 1713, and was incorporated by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on February 21, 1798, as one of New Jersey's initial group of 104 townships. During its time as a township, portions were taken to form Springfield Township (April 14, 1794), Caldwell Township (February 16, 1798; now known as Fairfield Township), Orange Township (November 27, 1806), Bloomfield Township (March 23, 1812) and Clinton Township (April 14, 1834, remainder reabsorbed by Newark on March 5, 1902). Newark was reincorporated as a city on April 11, 1836, replacing Newark Township, based on the results of a referendum passed on March 18, 1836. The previously independent Vailsburg borough was annexed by Newark on January 1, 1905. In 1926, South Orange Township changed its name to Maplewood. As a result of this, a portion of Maplewood known as Ivy Hill was re-annexed to Newark's Vailsburg.〔Snyder, John P. (''The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968'' ), Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 130. Accessed February 14, 2012.〕 The city derives its name from Newark-on-Trent, England, a name that may have been influenced by an early pastor, who came to the nascent city from Yorkshire.〔Hutchinson, Viola L. (''The Origin of New Jersey Place Names'' ), New Jersey Public Library Commission, May 1945. Accessed September 10, 2015.〕〔Gannett, Henry. (''The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States'' ), p. 222. United States Government Printing Office, 1905. Accessed September 10, 2015.〕〔Staff. ("Newark on Trent Shows Interest in Newark, New Jersey" ), p. 123. ''Proceedings of the New Jersey Historical Society'', Volume VI, 1921. Accessed September 10, 2015. "It seems to be understood that the name of Newark, New Jersey, is traceable to the influence of the first pastor of the settlement, Rev. Abraham Pierson, who was a native of Yorkshire, England, and is said to have probably ministered first to a church in Newark-on-Trent in Nottinghamshire."〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Newark, New Jersey」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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